| 1The Lord spoke to Moses in the Sinai Desert, in the Tent of Meeting on the first day of the second month, in the second year after the exodus from the land of Egypt, saying. |
|
אוַיְדַבֵּ֨ר יְהוָֹ֧ה אֶל־משֶׁ֛ה בְּמִדְבַּ֥ר סִינַ֖י בְּאֹ֣הֶל מוֹעֵ֑ד בְּאֶחָד֩ לַחֹ֨דֶשׁ הַשֵּׁנִ֜י בַּשָּׁנָ֣ה הַשֵּׁנִ֗ית לְצֵאתָ֛ם מֵאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרַ֖יִם לֵאמֹֽר: |
| The Lord spoke... in the Sinai Desert... on the first of the month : Because they were dear to Him, He counted them often. When they left Egypt, He counted them (Exod. 12:37); when [many] fell because [of the sin] of the golden calf, He counted them to know the number of the survivors (Exod. 32:28); when He came to cause His Divine Presence to rest among them, He counted them. On the first of Nissan, the Mishkan was erected, and on the first of Iyar, He counted them. |
|
וידבר. בְּמִדְבַּר סִינַי בְּאֶחָד לַחֹדֶשׁ וגו':
מִתּוֹךְ חִבָּתָן לְפָנָיו מוֹנֶה אוֹתָם כָּל שָׁעָה — כְּשֶׁיָּצְאוּ מִמִּצְרַיִם מְנָאָן, וּכְשֶׁנָּפְלוּ בָּעֵגֶל מְנָאָן לֵידַע מִנְיַן הַנּוֹתָרִים, כְּשֶׁבָּא לְהַשְׁרוֹת שְׁכִינָתוֹ עֲלֵיהֶם מְנָאָם, בְּאֶחָד בְּנִיסָן הוּקַם הַמִּשְׁכָּן וּבְאֶחָד בְּאִיָּר מְנָאָם:
|
| 2Take the sum of all the congregation of the children of Israel, by families following their fathers' houses; a head count of every male according to the number of their names. |
|
בשְׂא֗וּ אֶת־רֹאשׁ֙ כָּל־עֲדַ֣ת בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמ֔וֹת כָּל־זָכָ֖ר לְגֻלְגְּלֹתָֽם: |
| by families: To ascertain the number of [people in] each tribe. |
|
לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָם:
לֵידַע מִנְיַן כָּל שֵׁבֶט וָשֵׁבֶט:
|
| following their fathers’ houses: If one’s father was from one tribe and his mother from another tribe, he is counted with his father’s tribe. |
|
לְבֵית אֲבֹתָם:
מִי שֶׁאָבִיו מִשֵּׁבֶט אֶחָד וְאִמּוֹ מִשֵּׁבֶט אַחֵר יָקוּם עַל שֵׁבֶט אָבִיו (עי' בבא בתרא ק"ט):
|
| a head count: Heb. לְגֻלְגְּלֹתָם, by means of shekels; “a bekka (half a shekel) per head (לְגֻלְגֹּלֶת.)” |
|
לְגֻלְגְּלֹתָֽם:
עַל יְדֵי שְׁקָלִים — בֶּקַע לַגֻּלְגֹּלֶת:
|
| 3From twenty years old and upwards, all who are fit to go out to the army in Israel, you shall count them by their legions you and Aaron. |
|
גמִבֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה כָּל־יֹצֵ֥א צָבָ֖א בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל תִּפְקְד֥וּ אֹתָ֛ם לְצִבְאֹתָ֖ם אַתָּ֥ה וְאַֽהֲרֹֽן: |
| all who are fit to go out to the army: This informs [us] that no one went out to the army below the age of twenty. |
|
כָּל־יֹצֵא צָבָא:
מַגִּיד שֶׁאֵין יוֹצֵא בַּצָּבָא פָּחוּת מִבֶּן עֶשְׂרִים:
|
| 4With you there shall be a man from each tribe, one who is head of his father's house. |
|
דוְאִתְּכֶ֣ם יִֽהְי֔וּ אִ֥ישׁ אִ֖ישׁ לַמַּטֶּ֑ה אִ֛ישׁ רֹ֥אשׁ לְבֵית־אֲבֹתָ֖יו הֽוּא: |
| With you: When you count them, there should be with you a prince from each tribe. |
|
וְאִתְּכֶם יִֽהְיוּ:
כְּשֶׁתִּפְקְדוּ אוֹתָם יִהְיוּ עִמָּכֶם נְשִׂיא כָל שֵׁבֶט וָשֵׁבֶט:
|
| 5These are the names of the men who shall stand with you; for Reuben, Elitzur the son of Shedeur. |
|
הוְאֵ֨לֶּה֙ שְׁמ֣וֹת הָֽאֲנָשִׁ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר יַֽעַמְד֖וּ אִתְּכֶ֑ם לִרְאוּבֵ֕ן אֱלִיצ֖וּר בֶּן־שְׁדֵיאֽוּר: |
| 6For Simeon, Shelumiel the son of Zurishaddai. |
|
ולְשִׁמְע֕וֹן שְׁלֻֽמִיאֵ֖ל בֶּן־צוּרִֽישַׁדָּֽי: |
| 7For Judah, Nahshon the son of Amminadab. |
|
זלִֽיהוּדָ֕ה נַחְשׁ֖וֹן בֶּן־עַמִּֽינָדָֽב: |
| 8For Issachar, Nethanel the son of Zu'ar. |
|
חלְיִ֨שָּׂשכָ֔ר נְתַנְאֵ֖ל בֶּן־צוּעָֽר: |
| 9For Zebulun, Eliab the son of Helon. |
|
טלִזְבוּלֻ֕ן אֱלִיאָ֖ב בֶּן־חֵלֹֽן: |
| 10For the children of Joseph: for Ephraim, Elishama' the son of 'Ammihud; for Manasseh, Gamliel the son of Pedazur. |
|
ילִבְנֵ֣י יוֹסֵ֔ף לְאֶפְרַ֕יִם אֱלִֽישָׁמָ֖ע בֶּן־עַמִּיה֑וּד לִמְנַשֶּׁ֕ה גַּמְלִיאֵ֖ל בֶּן־פְּדָהצֽוּר: |
| 11For Benjamin, Abidan the son of Gideoni. |
|
יאלְבִ֨נְיָמִ֔ן אֲבִידָ֖ן בֶּן־גִּדְעֹנִֽי: |
| 12For Dan, Ahi'ezer the son of 'Ammishaddai. |
|
יבלְדָ֕ן אֲחִיעֶ֖זֶר בֶּן־עַמִּֽישַׁדָּֽי: |
| 13For Asher, Pag'iel the son of 'Ochran. |
|
יגלְאָשֵׁ֕ר פַּגְעִיאֵ֖ל בֶּן־עָכְרָֽן: |
| 14For Gad, Eliasaph the son of De'uel. |
|
ידלְגָ֕ד אֶלְיָסָ֖ף בֶּן־דְּעוּאֵֽל: |
| 15For Naphtali, Ahira' the son of 'Enan. |
|
טולְנַ֨פְתָּלִ֔י אֲחִירַ֖ע בֶּן־עֵינָֽן: |
| 16These were the ones summoned by the congregation, the princes of the tribes of their fathers; they are the heads of the thousands of Israel. |
|
טזאֵ֚לֶּה קְרוּאֵ֣י (כתיב קריאי) הָֽעֵדָ֔ה נְשִׂיאֵ֖י מַטּ֣וֹת אֲבוֹתָ֑ם רָאשֵׁ֛י אַלְפֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל הֵֽם: |
| the ones summoned of the congregation: They were summoned for every important matter concerning the congregation. |
|
אֵלֶּה קרואי הָֽעֵדָה:
הַנִּקְרָאִים לְכָל דְּבַר חֲשִׁיבוּת שֶׁבָּעֵדָה:
|
| 17Then Moses and Aaron took these men, who were indicated by [their] names, |
|
יזוַיִּקַּ֥ח משֶׁ֖ה וְאַֽהֲרֹ֑ן אֵ֚ת הָֽאֲנָשִׁ֣ים הָאֵ֔לֶּה אֲשֶׁ֥ר נִקְּב֖וּ בְּשֵׁמֽוֹת: |
| these men: These twelve princes. |
|
הָֽאֲנָשִׁים הָאֵלֶּה:
אֶת שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר נְשִׂיאִים הַלָּלוּ:
|
| who were indicated: to him here by their names. |
|
אֲשֶׁר נִקְּבוּ:
לוֹ כָּאן בשמות:
|
| 18and they assembled all the congregation on the first day of the second month, and they declared their pedigrees according to their families according to their fathers' houses; according to the number of names, a head count of every male from twenty years old and upward. |
|
יחוְאֵ֨ת כָּל־הָֽעֵדָ֜ה הִקְהִ֗ילוּ בְּאֶחָד֙ לַחֹ֣דֶשׁ הַשֵּׁנִ֔י וַיִּתְיַֽלְד֥וּ עַל־מִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמ֗וֹת מִבֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֥ים שָׁנָ֛ה וָמַ֖עְלָה לְגֻלְגְּלֹתָֽם: |
| and they declared their pedigrees according to their families: They brought the records of their pedigrees and witnesses of their birth claims, so that each one should trace his genealogy to a tribe. |
|
וַיִּתְיַֽלְדוּ עַל־מִשְׁפְּחֹתָם:
הֵבִיאוּ סִפְרֵי יִחוּסֵיהֶם וְעֵדֵי חֶזְקַת לֵדָתָם, כָּל אֶחָד וְאֶחָד לְהִתְיַחֵס עַל הַשֵּׁבֶט (עי' ילקוט תרפ"ד):
|
| 19As the Lord commanded Moses, so did he count them in the Sinai desert. |
|
יטכַּֽאֲשֶׁ֛ר צִוָּ֥ה יְהוָֹ֖ה אֶת־משֶׁ֑ה וַיִּפְקְדֵ֖ם בְּמִדְבַּ֥ר סִינָֽי: |
