��Сƽ��׿��

��ҳ | ��±�� | ��Ƭ | ��Ƶ�� | ��ϯ��Ƶ | �� | �� | ��30�� | �� | �й�� | �� | ��ҹ�� | ��Ƶ��

<center>׿��Ů�׻�Ȧ��"��ǰ��"</center>

׿��Ů�׻�Ȧ��"��ǰ��"

�۽�

��ν��ȳ�ϯ׿��ʽ

ʮ��磬��Сƽ��׿��Ůʿ��ʽ�ڱ��˱�ɽ��Ĺ��У��εȶ�λ��쵼��ͱ𲢾��׻�Ȧ�� ƽ��

��жȹ��ʱ�� ַ��Է�פ�㰧�� 97��֤��ۻع�Ӯ�ø�� ־Ը��׽�Ĥ��

׿��Сƽ��Ҹ��

��ǰ�ĳɳ��̣�[��ǧ��Ӣ] [��Ů] [��й��]
��Сƽ��龭�� [��Ӱ��Ľ��] [��꿴�ϵ��Ǹ�֪ʶ��] [�Ը��ͨ]
�� [��͵��й�ʽ�� Ů��] [��Сƽ��Ҫ��:��Ҫ��湤�� Ҫ��ͷ]
��䡱��ӣ� [׿��׾�] [��Сƽ�ڽ��궼��˼��ĸ￪��]
��ۻع飺 [׿�ռ�֤��ۻع� ��Сƽ��Ը��ʵ��] [��ܽ��֣�ؽ��׿��]
�� [�� Ϸ��] [��:��Ϊ��"ϣ��"��]

��Ӿ硶�ֽ̼��׿�ո��͢��Ĵ��

Ӱ��ع� ��

��Ƭ ��

��Сƽ��׿�յ�5��Ů

��Ů��(1941��)��һ��ʦ

��Ů��֣�1941��ҵ��Ժ��ϵ��Ϊһ��ʦ��й��ٽ��ḱ��³��£��й��Э��Ա��ڵ�Сƽ�ĺ��У��һֱ�뻭һ��ˣ�һ��Ŵ��ڵ˼ҹ��ٵ���Ǿ��Ǹ��׵�Сƽ��[��ϸ]

��ӵ��ӷ�(44��)��ϯ

1944��"�ĸ�"��Ⱥ��²У��λ��̱��й�ʮ��졢ʮ��ίԱ��ھŽ�ȫ��Э��ί��2008��11��13�գ��ӷ��ѡΪ�й��ϯ��ź��ϵ�ѡΪ�й��ϯ��ˣ��й��Ľ��ϯ�ĵ��ӷ��ˣ��ȷʵ��Ը��׵�Сƽ�� [��ϸ]

��Ů��(1945��):�Ƽ��

1945��ҵ�ڱ��ѧ��ϵ��רҵ��οƼ��͹��е��Ϊ�ƣ��п�Ժ��ǿƼ��Э��ǽ��ֵ��˵��רҵ��һ��֤�� [��ϸ]

��Ů��(1950��):��ҵ˻᳤

��ţ�С��ëë��1950��ҵ�ڱ��ҽѧԺ��й�פ��ʹ��顣��й��Ѻ��ḱ�᳤��С��ҵĸ��׵�Сƽ��(�Ͼ�)�͡��ҵĸ��׵�Сƽ��ĸ��¡��ܶ��˶�˵��ദ��ȫ�о��У��Ĵ��У��Ǽ��һ��㡣 [��ϸ]

��ӵ��ʷ�(52��)��͵��Ա

��ʷ��ǵ�Сƽ��С�Ķ��ӣ��Ͷ��ڱ��ѧ��ϵ��80��ѧ��ŦԼ��޳�˹�ش�ѧ��ѧ��ʿѧλ��ѧ�ɺ��£��й��Ͷ�ʹ�˾ֱ��ҵ��˾��θ��ܹ��ʦ��ʷ�֮��ǵ�СƽΨһ��ӡ� [��ϸ]

��Сƽ��׿�յľ�찮��֮��

��Сƽ�Լ�ͥ��Ժ��ӵİ��ġ��ġ��Ա��Լ��ĵĸ��飬��˵��װ��ͬ��Сƽ��ȣ�׿�նԺ��ǵİ��ֱ�׵ġ�͸��ġ��˵��Ǹ��ŽС��ƹ�ġ�� [��ϸ]

��ǰ�ĳɳ��

��ǧ��Ӣ

1916�꣬׿�ճ��һ��һ��Ĺ��ͥ��Ǽ��е��߸��ӣ�Ҳ��С��һ��ӣ�ԭ��Ӣ��ĸ��ġ��ȴ��ĳ��ԭ��Ӣ��ͬĸ��Ⱥ�Խ�ϡ��ۡ��ݣ�ǧ��Ѱ��ͯ��ʱ��Χ�ĺö��и��ܵ��Ů��ܵĲ�ƽ��Ϊ֮�߷߲�ƽ��

��Ů

1936�꣬��Ӣ��ʵҵ��ѧ��룬��ɼ��ϱ��ѧ��ϵ��Уʱ��μ��У��ȷ�ӡ�

��й��

��¬��±䡱��Ӣ��װ��磬�ӳ��ƽ��ת��أ��ڵ��ʥ��Ӱ��Ӱ��±��ѧ��ĸ��µ�ѧϰԲ��ѧҵ��й��Ҫ��׿�ա�

��

��Сƽ��Ҫ��:��Ҫ��湤�� Ҫ��ͷ

1952�꣬��Сƽ��Ͼֵ��빤��׿��Ҳ��ȫ��һͬ��˱��ε��͹��쵼ְ��ĵ�Сƽ��Լ��Ҫ��:��Ҫ��湤��Ҫ��ͷ��ǣ�׿�ն��л��һЩ��λ��빤��룬һ��˼Ϊ��Сƽ��飬��ճ��ļ��ļ�Ҫ��ģ��ͽ��顣��Ҫ��ļ��Ҹ��浵��Щ�ļ��һһ�ǼǺã��ֳ��͵��칫��浵��ʱæ��ͺ͵�Сƽһֱ��µ��ҹ��

��͵��й�ʽ�� Ů��

�ڼ��׿��ǡ��ġ��Сƽ�ǡ��ġ��׿��Ϊ�Լ��Ҫ��ǰѼҹܺã��Ѻ��ӿ��ã��Сƽ��ģ��ר��־�ظɺù��￪֧��׿�ռƻ��ִ�У��Сƽ�Ӳ��ʣ��Ȼ׿��Ǿ��֧��ɷ��б��ʱ�ڣ��Сƽ��裬�ȽϹ�Ҳ��̡�һ�򾫴�ϸ�㡢ʡ�Լ��õ�׿�ն��ɷ��ÿ�֧��ÿ��磬��ɷ��һ��ŨŨ��Сƽ��Լ��ź�ʣ�µĲ��

��ۻع�

׿�ռ�֤��ۻع� ��Сƽ��Ը��ʵ��

��꣬��ʼ��Ƿ�ǵûع��ϣ��ׯ�صؽ��ܵ˹��׿�գ��ȫ��𾭾ò�Ϣ��ߵ�ͷ��߹��һĨ��΢Ц��
�ѹʹ��쵼�˵�СƽΪ�ջ��һ��Ƴ��һ��ơ��һʷ��ǰ��Ĵ��٣��ȴδ��㽭��֤�л�ϴѩ��ܣ��Ϻ��黹��һ�̡��׿�յĽ��ܣ��˸��˶Ե˹��޾��⼰׷˼��Ҳ��ϣ��͸��׿��ο�˹�δ��Ը��

��ܽ��ϯ��֣�ؽ��׿��

��ý��ʵ��ڻع��ϣ��֣�ؽ��׿��Ůʿ��ȫ��Ƿ��ǡ��ʱ��⡱��
��Դ˱�ʾ��ʵ�ǲ��ǡ��ʱ��⡱�ģ��ϯ��俪ʼǰ��С��˵��Լ��׿�յĽ��У��˶Ե�Сƽ��޾��⼰׷˼��Ҳ��ϣ��͸��׿��ο��Сƽδ��Ը��ʱ�һ��䣬׿��Ůʿվ��ʱ��׶��ʵ��ǲ��Ԥ�ݵĳ��Ƿ��Եľ��⣬��˫��Ĵ��ͬһ��ѶϢ��˹��ڻع飬��˼ҵ��ɺ�Ц��Ȫ��Ƭ��ع���˵ľ�ͷ��˽��ֵ��

��Сƽ��龭��

��Ӱ��Ľ��

1939����Сƽ��׿��ʶ��Ӱ��׿��˵��Ҹ��һ��Ӱ��Ů��ѣ��һ��Ů��̸��˵��ҽ�飬��ͬ��ͬ�⡣�Ǹ�Ů��Ѻ��̸��Σ��Ҳ�Ը�⡣��˵��ͻ��ᣬ��ô��飬��Ҿܾ��ˡ��
��Сƽ��룬��ý�飬�Ǹ�ʱ��Լ��Ѿ�23��ˣ��˵��˰ɣ��պϰɡ��
��ã��Ӱ��ë��ס��Ҥ��ǰ��ս��Դ��ӵķ�ʽΪ׿�շ򸾾��˼��ӵĻ��񡣼��׿�ձ��ɷ��뿪�Ӱ��ǰ�ߡ��󣬿��Կ��׿��Ӧ��ͬ��Ĭ��Եĵ�Сƽ�ദ��Ҳ��ɷ��ģ��ĬĬ��֧��ɷ�

��꿴�ϵ�Сƽ�Ǹ�֪ʶ��

��ʱ��¸�һ��ũ�ɲ��ɼң��Ϊȥ�Ӱ��Щ�ɲ��ǹ�ũ�ɲ��Ҳ��ǿ��ǣ��û��֪ʶ��˵��һ��ͬ��Щ��̸��˵��Сƽ��׿��й��󣬾��Ǹ�֪ʶ��ӡ�

��䡱��

��׾� ׿��׾�

��ȫ��ͣ��ֻ��ѣ��Ϊ�׾ݡ��ǣ��Сƽ�򸾵��ˮ׼��Խ��ˡ��Сƽԭ��ġ��è�̡��ˣ��Ϊ��ǰ��̡��ȵľ�Ҳ��ˣ��ĺ��ͨ�ơ��һ�Σ�׿��ҵ��Լ�Ҫ�õ�Ů��ѧ��һЩ��Ƶ�Ҫ�죬��Ū��һЩ��ҩ��ЩŴ�ס��ܿ죬׿�վ��ó�һ�ֺ��׾ƣ��Сƽ�ܰ��ȡ��˻��꽴��
��䡱��ӣ�׿��Ժ��ڵء��βݡ��ֲˡ�ʩ�ʣ��Ǹɵú��죬��£��˵س��д��̣��˷�˶�Ĺ�ʵ��˿��ժ��ˣ��ϹϿ��˽�ƵĻ��۷��ڻ��Χ��ط��衣��Сƽ�򸾿��ϲ��ͷ��

��Сƽ�ڽ��궼��˼��ĸ￪��

׿��˵��ͨ��Ĺ۲죬��Сƽ��˼��ҵ��ǰ;��ͨ��˼��˼��ȷ��˼·��Ӽᶨ��Щ��ü��쵼��ȫ��٣��Լ��й��ʮһ��ȫ��ƶ��ʱ��·�߷��߲��ֱ��Ӱ�졣

��

�� Ϸ��

��׿�նԴ��ǳ�̹Ȼ��κ��Ů��¡��˵��ҵĹǻ��С�ӹ��,��Ҫ��ʲô�鷳��д�˽�Ĥ��־Ը�顣
ÿ��緹��׿��Ҫ��һ��Ϸ��һ��İ��á�Сʱ��һ��ʽ��кܶ�ٴ��˾��ľ��ҳ�Ƭ��ÿ��ѧ��ϸ��ϼ��飬��˽⵽��Ϸ��֪ʶ��ʮ��ȥ�ˣ��˶Ծ��Ȼ��ꡣ��˲��Ϸ��־��ֻҪ��Ϸ��Ŀ��һ��Ҫ��ġ�
׿�ջ�ϲ��飬��˰�æ��˺ܶ��硶��塷��塷��¼��û�µ�ʱ��ϼ��Ρ��й��Ĺŵ��ѧ��У��ϲ��ǡ��¥�Ρ��в��پ��ʶ��仹�ܱ��Լ��ˡ��¥��о��Ϊ��ѧ��о��

��ҵ:��Ϊ��"ϣ��"��

��Щ��׿�ջ��跨Ϊ��顣��Ϊ��ġ�ϣ��̡����ͬ��ִ�Ӣ��º��縸ĸ��˵:��Ȼ�뿪��ʮ�꣬��Լ����ͯ��ĵ��¡��Բ��Ϊ��׶��ھΡ��żĳ��2600ԪǮ��ġ�ϣ��̡��Ա��⡣

��±��