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During the Spanish colonization of the Philippines, several revolts against Spain were undertaken for various reasons. However, it can be agreed upon that the common underlying cause of these revolts were the generally repressive policies of the Spanish colonial government against the native Filipinos. Many of these revolts though have failed. The specific underlying causes of these revolts have distinct circumstances that need to be studied in Philippines History. We now take a look on how these revolts prospered from its main cause and failure to subjugate the Spanish rule. In 1585, the popular revolt of Pampanga was undertaken due to abuses felt by the natives inflicted by the encomenderos. The native Kapampangan leaders failed to implement the revolt because a Filipina married to a Spanish soldier reported the plot to Spanish authorities. For their actions, the leaders of the revolt were ordered executed.
Philippine Studies
09. Diego Silang's Revolt: A New Approach.pdf2002 •
Diego Silang’s revolt is one of the more well known uprisings against the Spanish colonial government, although I believe not everything has been said about it. A detailed reading of the sources will reveal new details, some obscure points, and various doubts. This I aim to show in these pages, without insisting too much on already known details. Initially, I explain some ideas about the sources and certain aspects of the historical context. This essay does not share the nationalistic premises on which discussions of Philippine uprisings are usually presented. I admit that certain movements, such as the one Diego Silang headed, could have certain proto-nationalistic ingredients; but to take these proto-nationalistic elements as a center for the analysis of the events seems to me to ignore their complexity.
The Mariner’s Mirror (Reino Unido)
Some Considerations on the Causes of Mutiny Among Privateer Ships of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata, 1815–18212021 •
The United Provinces of the Río de la Plata used privateers during their war for independence against the Spanish crown. At first, this activity was limited to the River Plate, but in 1815 privateering became maritime, taking the offensive to the Spanish trade routes in the Atlantic and the Pacific. This way of waging war lasted until 1821 when it was finally suspended. This article studies some mutinies on the privateer ships of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata, between 1815 and 1821, trying to explore and analyse their causes, using both primary and secondary sources.
Bulletin of Latin American Research
Rebellions in Late Colonial Spanish America: a Comparative Perspective1995 •
2001 •
The Revolution of 1896 marks the birth of the Filipino nation. It was a time when propagandistas and radical advocates, both in and outside the Catholic Church, were pressing for an independent nation, separate from Spain. It was an extraordinary time, and this volume makes available to readers selected works by scholars from different pats f the world, using varied historical sources, bringing in new perspectives on the war. Topics in this volume include the influx of refugees to Cavite, which affected the rivalry between Bonifacio and Aguinaldo; the travails of the Franciscan friars; the hopes and fears of a young Spanish soldier; the restrained exasperation of an aide-de-camp to the German cruiser squadron; and the circuitous "intra-Asia" trade. These and other essays in this volume reassess questions on the Revolution and the period it covers - gender, ethnicity, the military and corruption. A prologue where, besides introducing the topics and authors that write in the book, I explore the discourses of difference during the late Spanish period. Since those were the times of Social Darwinism and the Great Chain of Being, as well as the peak of influence of science, implying innate differences among "races", the role of Spain is specially ankward. While considered as "inferior" by Europeans, Spaniards did efforts to widen the gap in the colonies between them and the colonized as a way to solve their lack of legitimacy. It was one of the reasons of the Philippine Revolution in 1896 and their ultimate exit from the Philippine at 1898.
Buhay at Mga Sinulat ni Rizal
Act. 1-First Filipino by Juan Ma. Guerrero2023 •
Buhay at Mga Sinulat ni Rizal Activity 1 Rizal's early years unfolded against the backdrop of a tranquil and idyllic childhood. His family, like many others in Calamba, cultivated a sense of unity and shared purpose. Growing up in an environment teeming with siblings, Rizal experienced the camaraderie and bonds that only a close-knit family could provide. The young Rizal was not only immersed in familial warmth but also surrounded by the nurturing influence of his caregivers. His aya, or nanny, played a pivotal role in shaping his formative years. Through the oral tradition of storytelling, she became the conduit through which tales of heroism, folklore, and morality were woven into the fabric of Rizal's consciousness. These narratives, passed down through generations, provided him with a rich tapestry of cultural heritage and instilled in him a sense of identity deeply rooted in the Filipino experience. In the annals of Philippine history, the names Jose Burgos, Mariano Gomez, and Jacinto Zamora are etched as martyrs, men of faith who faced an unjust execution for their alleged role in the Kabite Mutiny of 1872. This tragic episode unfolded against the backdrop of colonial rule, embodying the complex interplay of religious, political, and social forces that defined 19th-century Philippines. During this period, the Philippines was a colony of Spain, and the Catholic Church played a prominent role in both religious and civic affairs. The execution of Burgos, Gomez, and Zamora marked a pivotal moment in the struggle against Spanish oppression, shedding light on the deeply entrenched injustices within the colonial system. At the heart of the controversy was the Cavite Mutiny, an uprising among Filipino soldiers and workers at the Spanish arsenal in Cavite. The authorities swiftly sought to assign blame, and the three priests found themselves accused of instigating the rebellion. Despite a lack of concrete evidence linking them to the mutiny, a court-martial sentenced Burgos, Gomez, and Zamora to death. These three men, all advocates for ecclesiastical reforms and social justice, became symbolic figures in the broader movement for Filipino independence. Their trial and execution were not merely isolated incidents but reflected the tensions simmering beneath the surface of colonial society. Jose Burgos, a native of Vigan and a secular priest, was a vocal critic of Spanish abuses and advocated for equal treatment of Filipinos and Spaniards in the clergy. Mariano Gomez, an Augustinian friar, similarly questioned the discriminatory policies within the Church. Jacinto Zamora, a Filipino secular priest, shared the same sentiments and worked towards uplifting the marginalized. The execution of these men was more than a tragic consequence of political intrigue; it was a manifestation of the deep-seated fear that Spanish authorities
Words in Motion, ed. by Ana Tsing and Itty Abraham
Conjuración/Conspiracy in the Philippine Revolution of 18962009 •
International Review of Social History
“Republican” Mutinies in the Spanish Navy: Resonances of an Era of Rebellion and the Erosion of an EmpireAt the end of the eighteenth century, the large-scale warfare that confronted the major European powers exceeded their financial capabilities. This, in turn, affected the operational effectiveness of their military machinery and disturbed its disciplinary order. Consequently, by the 1790s, French, British, and Dutch naval crews resorted to mutiny on an enormous scale. They were driven by fatigue, harsh conditions of service, and disagreements with higher command. Decades later, the Real Armada witnessed a series of riots, resembling those of its rival powers but linked to the struggles for independence in the Hispanic-American colonies. Nearly all historians have overlooked the Spanish case, but the motives and direct consequences of the Spanish mutinies are worthy of explanation as part of global processes driven by the Age of Revolutions. Moreover, they offer an opportunity to improve the knowledge of early modern Spanish naval society.
Mission Round Table
Proclaiming Reconciliation in our Being, Doing, and Telling2018 •
2007 •
Online-Heidelberg Journal of Religions on the Internet
Review: Cybertheology: Thinking Christianity in the Era of the Internet2015 •
Journal of Hepatology
719 a Cross-Sectional Analysis of Chronic Hepatitis B Patient Characteristics and Clinical Management Patterns in Germany, Poland, Romania and Turkey2010 •
Revista dos Mestrados Profissionais
Contabilidade financeira as a service: percepções de contadores sobre o futuro das rotinas tradicionais dos escritórios de contabilidadeCanadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques
Late Onset Polyneuropathy due to Organophosphate (DDVP) Intoxication2003 •
2024 •
1940. Funeral of Mrs Nannie Burke, (1877-1940) Skibbereen, West Cork.
. Funeral of Mrs Nannie Burke, (1877-1940) Skibbereen2023 •
Indian Journal of Applied Research
Milestones and Pioneers of Contraception2011 •
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
Su1741 COLORECTAL POLYP DIAGNOSIS WITH CONTEMPORARY ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE2019 •
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)
Early life stressful events impaired enteric antimicrobial activity and triggered commensal Escherichia coli overgrowth responsible for visceral hypersensitivity in adult mice2015 •
2013 •
JURNAL UNITEK
Rancang Bangun Alat Pelipat Baju Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Bagi Anak-Anak Via Smartphone2020 •
2021 •
Jambura Nursing Journal
Prone Position Pada Dewasa dan Bayi Terhadap Saturasi Oksigen di Ruangan Intensive