Tbilisi
Capital and the largest city of Georgia (country) / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Tbilisi (English: /təbɪˈliːsi, təˈbɪlɪsi/ (
listen) tə-bil-EE-see, tə-BIL-iss-ee;[8] Georgian: თბილისი, pronounced [ˈtʰbilisi] (listen)), in some languages still known by its pre-1936 name Tiflis[lower-alpha 2] (/ˈtɪflɪs/ (listen) TIF-liss),[8] (Georgian: ტფილისი, romanized: t'pilisi) is the capital and the largest city of Georgia, lying on the banks of the Kura River with a population around 1.2 million people. Tbilisi was founded in the fifth century AD by Vakhtang I of Iberia, and since then has served as the capital of various Georgian kingdoms and republics. Between 1801 and 1917, then part of the Russian Empire, Tiflis was the seat of the Caucasus Viceroyalty, governing both the northern and the southern parts of the Caucasus.[9][10]
Tbilisi
თბილისი Tiflis | |
|---|---|
.jpg)    Top to bottom and left to right: Old Tbilisi and the Narikala Fortress at dusk, Freedom Square, Elia neighbourhood at night with the lit-up Sameba and Avlabari Palace, Sioni Cathedral, Norashen Church and the Bridge of Peace. | |
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  Tbilisi  Tbilisi  Tbilisi | |
| Coordinates: 41°43′21″N 44°47′33″E | |
| Country |  Georgia |
| Established | AD 455[1] |
| Government | |
| • Type | Mayor–Council |
| • Body | Tbilisi Sakrebulo |
| • Mayor | Kakha Kaladze (GD)[2] |
| Area | |
| • Capital city | 504.2 km2 (194.7 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 726 km2 (280 sq mi) |
| Highest elevation | 770 m (2,530 ft) |
| Lowest elevation | 380 m (1,250 ft) |
| Population (2021) | |
| • Capital city | 1,202,731[4] |
| • Density | 3,194.38/km2 (8,273.4/sq mi) |
| • Metro | 1,485,293 |
| Demonym(s) | Tbilisian Tbiliseli (In Georgian) |
| Population by ethnicity[5] | |
| • Georgians | 89.9 % |
| • Armenians | 4.8 % |
| • Azerbaijanis | 1.4 % |
| • Russians | 1.2 % |
| • Yazidis | 1.0 % |
| • Others | 1.7 % |
| Time zone | UTC+4 (Georgian Time) |
| Area code | +995 32 |
| Gross regional product[lower-alpha 1][6] | 2021 |
| – Total | GEL26.3 bil. (US$10 billion) |
| – Per capita | GEL21,900 US$8,300 |
| HDI (2021) | 0.824[7] – very high |
| Website | tbilisi.gov.ge |
Because of its location on the crossroads between Europe and Asia, and its proximity to the lucrative Silk Road, throughout history, Tbilisi was a point of contention among various global powers. To this day the city's location ensures its position as an important transit route for energy and trade projects. Tbilisi's history is reflected in its architecture, which is a mix of medieval, neoclassical, Beaux Arts, Art Nouveau, Stalinist, and Modern structures.
Historically, Tbilisi has been home to people of multiple cultural, ethnic, and religious backgrounds, though it is overwhelmingly Eastern Orthodox Christian. Its notable tourist destinations include cathedrals Sameba and Sioni, Freedom Square, Rustaveli Avenue and Agmashenebeli Avenue, medieval Narikala Fortress, the pseudo-Moorish Opera Theater, and the Georgian National Museum. The climate in Tbilisi mostly ranges from 20 to 32 °C (68 to 90 °F) in the summer and −1 to 7 °C (30 to 45 °F) in the winter.