Russia needs to boost its use of non-Western currencies, Vladimir Putin said as he addressed the St Petersburg International Economic Forum.
He also said his country needs to reduce imports while calling for a major expansion of its domestic financial markets.
Trade with Asia is soaring, he told delegates, adding that almost two fifths of Russian external trade is now in roubles.
The share conducted in US dollars, euros and other Western currencies has declined.
Russia will try to boost the share of settlements conducted in the currencies of BRICS countries - which include Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa, Mr Putin said.
"Last year, the share of payments for Russian exports in the so–called 'toxic' currencies of unfriendly states halved, while the share of the rouble in export and import transactions is growing - it is approaching 40% today," the president said.
Russia has referred to nations that imposed sanctions on it as "unfriendly".