How Slow Is Your Internet? Here’s How To Tell
Updated May 10, 2024 at 9:39 am
There are few things more frustrating than slow internet speed. Take, for example, glitchy video conferencing or poorly timed buffering interruptions. Or worse, when the whole operation grinds to a halt because everyone in the house is on their devices. These are just a few of the most exasperating things about slow internet speed.
Internet speed refers to the rate at which data is transmitted and received over an internet connection. It is typically measured in megabits per second (Mbps) or gigabits per second (Gbps). How slow is too slow? Download speeds less than 25 Mbps are too slow to be considered broadband or good home Wi-Fi. Here’s what you need to know about how to measure internet speed and what to do if your internet is too slow.
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Vault’s Viewpoint on Internet Speeds
- Internet speed, measured in Mbps, is the rate at which data is transmitted and received over your internet connection.
- A slow internet connection can be caused by various factors. It could be an inefficient router, internet service provider (ISP) bandwidth throttling, outdated devices, or even malware.
- There are many types of speed tests and a host of test sites and other methods to run the tests to discern exactly how slow (or fast) internet speeds are.
What Is Internet Speed?
It is important to understand precisely what the term “internet speed” means. Internet speed refers to the rate at which data is transmitted and received over the internet. Broadband is the “highway” that allows devices to access the internet. Speeds are measured in megabits per second (Mbps). Bits are tiny, well, bits of data. A megabit, for example, is a million bits. The higher the Mbps, the faster the internet. More Mbps means that downloads complete more quickly, webpages load faster, streaming of music or videos begins instantly, and video conferencing and online games are glitch-free.
What Causes Slow Internet?
Understanding the factors that influence internet speed is a critical step in identifying problems and finding solutions. A slow internet connection can be the result of many different variables. It could be malware or an outdated router. It’s also possible that the internet service provider (ISP) is bandwidth throttling—deliberately slowing internet speeds to manage congestion. Other variables that could be causing slow home internet include:
Connection type: Fiber-optic connections generally offer the highest speeds and reliability, while other options like cable, DSL, satellite and Wi-Fi may vary in terms of speed, availability, and susceptibility to external factors.
Router issues: Routers influence internet speed through a combination of features and settings. Upgrading to a modern router, optimizing settings and taking into account factors like signal strength and compatibility with internet service plans will contribute to a faster and more reliable internet connection.
Distance from the router: The location of your Wi-Fi router—and how far the router is from your devices—can impact internet speed, especially with wireless connections. Walls and obstacles between your device and the router can weaken the signal.
Device limitations: The capabilities of your device, such as its processing power and network card, can affect internet speed. Older devices may not support the latest Wi-Fi standards.
Network congestion: Heavy traffic on your internet service provider’s (ISP) network can lead to a traffic jam, resulting in slower speeds during peak usage hours. Just like vehicle traffic, network congestion is more prevalent in densely populated areas.
Exactly How Slow (or How Fast) Is My Internet?
There are many different types of speed tests, and there are a host of test sites and other methods to run these speed tests. Some speed tests focus on streaming, while others target download and upload speed, jitter speed or latency. It’s important to research and explore options to find the appropriate tool for its intended use.
Types of Speed Tests
Download and upload speed tests measure the speed at which data flows between devices and the internet. Streaming videos and browsing online are affected by downloading speed; sending emails and uploading videos or photos are dependent on upload speed.
Latency speed tests show how long it takes for a device to receive a response after pinging the server. This test measures the time between the command and the outcome, so low latency means you’re getting a fast reaction time, while high latency means your connection is less responsive.
Streaming speed tests assess whether your download speed is fast enough to stream video in maximum resolution with little to no buffering.
Jitter speed tests measure the flow of data between devices. Data is sent at regular, set intervals. However, network congestion and other factors can cause variation in those intervals. This slowdown is called packet delay variation (PDV), also known as jitter.
Speed Testing Tools
Several online tools and methods allow you to check your internet speed accurately. Some of the more popular speed test sites include M-Lab Internet Speed Test, Fast.com, Ookla, Speedof.me and testmy.net.
Windows and macOS also have built-in operating system tools that check internet speed. In Windows, you can use the Command Prompt and enter the “speedtest” command. On macOS, the Network Utility app provides a similar functionality.
Lastly, if you want to check the speed of your mobile internet connection, numerous apps are available for smartphones. Ookla, for example, offers a Speedtest app for iOS and Android devices.
For Best Results, Prepare Before Testing
- For the most accurate results of a speed test, connect a computer to the router using an Ethernet cable.
- Make sure no other devices use the broadband connection during the speed test.
- Shut down all other programs and internet browsers on your device and stop any active downloads before starting the test.
How Fast Is Fast Enough?
Not all households need 1,000 Mbps broadband, just like not all families need a Lamborghini. For streaming video on one device, video conferencing, or single-player online gaming, 5-40Mbps is good. If multiple users will be on the internet at the same time, higher Mbps will be needed. Around 40-100Mbps is typically enough to stream HD video on multiple devices, download large files and sufficiently handle multi-player online gaming. If 100Mbps doesn’t meet all the users’ needs, internet speeds of 500 or even 1,000Mbps can support most any internet use with numerous devices connected simultaneously.
Improving Internet Speed
Once you’ve determined that your internet speed is not up to par, several steps can help improve the situation before you reach out to your provider or upgrade your plan:
Optimize router placement: If the internet connection isn’t performing as it should, try relocating the router. Make sure the router isn’t obstructed and that you don’t have any “dead zones” in your home. Moving a router can improve Wi-Fi signal strength significantly and reduce interference.
Check for malware and viruses: Malware and viruses on your devices can consume bandwidth and slow down your internet connection. Regularly scan your devices for security threats and remove any malicious software.
Reduce the number of connected devices: When at all possible, disconnect devices that are not in use, or consider implementing Quality of Service (QoS) settings on your router to prioritize certain activities.
Use a wired connection: If these tactics fail and there is an important video call or an e-sports championship game on the horizon, an Ethernet cable connected directly to the router is the safest approach. Wired connections generally offer more stability and faster speeds than Wi-Fi.
Upgrade your router: If a router is outdated, a newer model that supports the latest Wi-Fi standards will result in significantly faster and more reliable connections.
Contact your internet service provider: If all else fails, reach out to your ISP’s customer support. They can perform diagnostics, check for service outages and provide assistance in troubleshooting and improving your internet speed.
Upgrade your internet plan: If after speaking with your provider it is determined that the router is working properly, it may be time to invest in a plan upgrade. Higher-tier plans will provide faster download and upload speeds, better streaming and more consistent video conferencing.
In a world where internet connectivity drives so many aspects of life, from work and communications to shopping and entertainment, optimizing internet speed is critical to how we live. By utilizing online speed test tools, knowing what factors affect speed and implementing practical solutions, a smoother online experience is possible. Whether through upgrading your internet plan, optimizing router placement or using a wired connection, taking proactive measures can transform a sluggish internet connection into a fast and reliable one, enhancing your overall digital experience.
Frequently Asked Questions
How Do I Know if My Internet Is Slow?
The easiest way to check your internet speed at home is to use an internet speed test. These are typically free and browser-based, though some speed test options use apps or your computer’s built-in operating system tools. There are several types of speed tests to consider, depending on what you’re using your internet connection for. Some popular speed tests include Ookla, Fast.com, M-Lab Internet Speed Test, testmy.net and Speedof.me.
What Is Good Wi-Fi Speed?
Generally, 40-100Mbps is considered “good” internet speed, while 100 or more Mbps is considered “fast.” The more devices connected to the network and the more streaming and downloading done on the network, the faster the internet needs to be.
How Accurate Are Internet Speed Tests?
WiFi speed tests are accurate more than not, but some variables can affect WiFi speed test results, including where your mobile device is located and how many connected devices are actively using bandwidth.
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