Solar panel installation guide for UK homes 

With renewable energy proving to be a great way to reduce carbon emissions, solar panels have become a popular choice for harnessing the power of the sun. In this guide, we'll walk you through the basics of how they work, the best options available, and the step-by-step installation process. 

What are solar panels?

Solar panels are devices that convert sunlight into electricity using photovoltaic (PV) cells made from a semi-conducting material, usually silicon. When these cells are exposed to light they release electrons which move around to create a direct electric current (DC).  

In a home or business, this DC current is directed into an inverter which converts it into alternating current (AC) – the type of electricity used in most appliances. Or it can be stored in a battery.

Solar panels are typically installed on rooftops or other open spaces where they use sunlight to generate renewable energy. They can significantly reduce your carbon footprint and save money on energy bills.

How do solar panels work?

When the sun shines on a solar panel, photovoltaic cells (PV) absorb energy from sunlight and turn it into DC electricity.  The current flows into an inverter which converts it into AC electricity (AC electricity is used by most appliances).  This electricity is used to power electrical appliances and devices.   

Any extra electricity produced can be fed back to the National Grid or stored in batteries for use later. 

Which are the best solar panels?

Choosing the right solar panels can make a significant difference to the efficiency and longevity of a solar PV system. Here are a few things to consider: 

Efficiency rating: Panels with a higher efficiency rating will generate more electricity in less space. But they usually cost more. 
Lifespan: Solar panels usually last between 25 to 30 years and most will continue to produce electricity after this, but at a lower rate of efficiency.  
Quality: Opt for reputable manufacturers with a proven track record of quality and reliability. 
Appearance: Some solar panels are thinner, sleeker and more discreet on roof spaces than others. Consider if this is important to you and your clients. 

Different types of solar panels 

Installation Process

Here’s a quick guide to what’s needed to install solar panels on UK homes:

Site survey 

An installer should visit to determine if the property is suitable for solar panels. They will look at the size and orientation of the roof to decide the best location and angle for installing panels. Solar panels need to receive ample sunlight throughout the day and where possible should not be obstructed by shading from trees or other buildings.

Planning permission 

Most residential properties in the UK can have solar panels installed without planning permission as they are considered to be a ‘permitted development’. 

The exceptions are:

·      If the house is a listed building

·      If the house is in a conservation area

·      If solar panels are to be installed on a flat roof

However, if you are unsure, it’s always advised to check with your local council. 

Solar panels are subject to normal building regulations, which involves checking that the roof can support the extra load. A Microgeneration Certification Scheme (MCS) certified installer should check this for you. 

Panel mounting

Solar panels need to be fixed in place securely and positioned at the correct angle to catch the most sunlight. This typically involves installing a form of mounting system on the roof which is crucial for safety and efficiency.

Installing an inverter

Solar panels are often connected to an inverter which converts DC electricity into AC electricity which is most commonly used to power devices and appliances in the UK.

Connect to the grid

In the UK, homeowners can benefit from the Smart Export Guarantee, which allows them to earn money by selling excess energy back to the grid. Different energy suppliers offer different rates, so it’s up to the consumer to find the best one.

Final checks

A professionally qualified installer should double-check all connections, wiring, and safety measures to make sure the system is working correctly and efficiently. They should also carry out the relevant testing for the system. 

We always recommend that solar panels be installed by experienced electricians and installers to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance with regulations. 

Look for installers that have a proven track record and check if they are accredited by relevant industry bodies, such as the Microgeneration Certification Scheme (MCS) and/or the Renewable Energy Consumer Code (RECC).

Conclusion

Using solar panels to harness the power of the sun to generate electricity contributes to a greener environment and can save money on energy bills. Whether you're an electrician, contractor, or homeowner, solar power is a great way to reduce carbon emissions and protect the planet. So get those panels installed, and let the sun shine.

Find out more

Connect to the world of renewable energy with our expert Renewables team. Whether you're seeking advice, advice, training, specification or technical support, we've got you covered. Visit cef.co.uk/renewables for details or chat with us at your local branch.