RollinsDisease Spread SE
.pdfSchool
Byron nelson High School, Trophy Club **We aren't endorsed by this school
Course
BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE 124
Subject
Biology
Date
May 13, 2024
Pages
5
Uploaded by BarristerSparrow4415
Name:
Date:
01/29/24
Student Exploration: Disease Spread
Directions: Follow the instructions to go through the simulation. Respond to the questions and
prompts in the orange boxes.
Vocabulary:
contagious, disease, epidemic, infect, infectious disease, pathogen
Prior Knowledge Questions
(Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.)
1.
Why do you think it is important to cover your mouth when you cough?
To help stop spreading germs.
2.
Why should you always wash your hands before you eat?
So we don't spread the germs on our hands to our mouths so we don't get sick.
Gizmo Warm-up
When a person has a
disease
, his or her normal body functions
are disrupted. Some diseases, such as diabetes and most
cancers, are not spread from one person to another. But other
diseases, such as the flu and strep throat, can be spread. These
diseases are known as
infectious diseases
. Infectious diseases
are caused by viruses, bacteria, and other agents known as
pathogens
.
In the
Disease Spread
Gizmo, you will be able to observe how
various pathogens can spread through a group of students in a
school. Click
Play
(
) and observe.
1.
Describe what happened on the SIMULATION pane:
People begin to move around the room. After a person visits the buffet, hes likely to turn
green. Over the time of the simulation, the number of green people increased.
2.
Look at the color key on the bottom right of the Gizmo. What is happening when a person changes color?
In the simulation, a person changes color to show the person has become infected with a
disease. Green indicates the person is infected with a foodborne disease
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Activity A:
Person-to-person
transmission
Get the Gizmo ready:
●
Click
Reset
(
).
●
On the CONTROLS tab, select
Person to person
.
●
Set the
Number of people
to 10.
Question: What factors affect how quickly a pathogen spreads from person to person?
1.
Predict: Some pathogens are spread directly from one person to another. This can happen when people
come into direct contact or share items, such as drinking glasses. What do you think might affect how
quickly a pathogen is spread from person to person?
I think the amount of time spent together will effect it, the strength of the virus, the
ventilation of the room and more.
2.
Identify: Select the TABLE tab. (You will want the table tab open to answer question C.)
A.
What does the orange person represent?
Orange represents someone who
beame sick because of person to
person contact.
B.
Click
Play
, and observe the simulation for a
while. What must happen for the disease to
spread from one person to another?
Person to person contact must happen
for a disease to spread
C. How long did it take to
infect
all ten people?
About 34 hours
3.
Experiment: Click
Reset
. Change the
Number of people
to 20. Click
Play
and record how long it takes to
infect 10 people. Repeat this four times for a total of 5 trials, then calculate the mean time. Repeat the
experiment when there are 30 people and 40 people in the room.
Number
of people
Time to infect 10 people, 5 trials (h)
Mean
time
(h)
Trial 1
Trial 2
Trial 3
Trial 4
Trial 5
20
44.1
18
8
4.8
12.5
17.4
30
7.6
17.7
7.6
40
3.8
4.2
3.8
9.1
1
4.38
4.
Interpret: Study the data you collected. What trend do you see in the data, and how would you explain it?
Reproduction for educational use only. Public sharing or posting prohibited. © 2020 ExploreLearning™ All rights reserved
5.
Experiment: Not all pathogens are equally
contagious
, or likely to spread. The probability of transmission
is the chances that a contact between two people will result in transfer of the disease. Click
Reset
and set
the
Number of people
to 20. Set the
Probability of transmission
to 20%. Record data for transmission
probabilities of 20%, 50%, and 80%.
Transmission
probability
Time to infect 10 people, 5 trials (h)
Mean
time
(h)
Trial 1
Trial 2
Trial 3
Trial 4
Trial 5
20%
50%
80%
6.
Interpret: Study the data in the table. What trend do you see, and how would you explain it
7.
Experiment: For certain pathogens, mask-wearing can greatly reduce the probability of transmission. Click
Reset
, select
Students wearing masks
, and set the
Probability of transmission (without masks)
to
50%. Check that the
Number of students
is still 20.
Run five trials with masks and find the mean time to infect 10 people.
Probability
(without
masks)
Time to infect 10 people, 5 trials (h)
Mean
time
(h)
Trial 1
Trial 2
Trial 3
Trial 4
Trial 5
50%
8.
Compare: Compare the mean time to infect ten people with masks to the mean time to infect ten people
without masks. (Use the 50% line from the table in question 5.) How do these times compare?
9.
Infer: Why do you think masks have this effect on the rate at which a person-to-person disease spreads?
10. Think and discuss: Suppose you were a public health official. Based on the data you have collected, how
would you slow the spread of a person-to-person disease?
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Activity B:
Foodborne
transmission
Get the Gizmo ready:
●
Click
Reset
. Select
Foodbourne
.
●
Set the
Number of people
to 10 and the
Probability of transmission
to 100%.
Introduction:
Many types of food, especially meat or fresh produce, can be infected with pathogens. A
foodbourne disease is spread when people eat or drink infected food or water. One way to avoid these
diseases is to boil drinking water and thoroughly cook meats.
Question: How do foodborne pathogens spread?
1.
Predict: How do you expect the spread of a foodborne disease to be similar to and different from the
spread of a person-to-person disease?
2.
Observe: Click
Play
and closely watch the students moving around the cafeteria.
A.
What does each student do before
becoming infected?
B.
How are foodborne pathogens transmitted?
C.
If a student in the simulation never eats or
drinks anything from the buffet table, is it
possible for them to become sick with the
foodborne disease? Explain.
3.
Experiment: Click
Reset
. Change the
Number of people
to 20. Click
Play
and record how long it takes to
infect 10 people. Repeat this four times for a total of 5 trials, then calculate the mean time. Repeat the
experiment when there are 30 people and 40 people in the room.
Number
of people
Time to infect 10 people, 5 trials (h)
Mean
time
(h)
Trial 1
Trial 2
Trial 3
Trial 4
Trial 5
20
30
40
4.
Interpret: What trend do you see in your data? Why do you think this is the case?
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5.
Experiment: Set the
Number of people
to 20. Using the same method, find the mean time for each
transmission probability.
Transmission
probability
Time to infect 10 people, 5 trials (h)
Mean
time
(h)
Trial 1
Trial 2
Trial 3
Trial 4
Trial 5
20%
50%
80%
6.
Interpret: Study the data you collected. What trend do you see in the data, and how would you explain it?
7.
Experiment: Click
Reset
. Select
Students wearing masks
and set the
Probability of transmission
(without masks)
to 50%. Check that the
Number of students
is still 20. Using the same method as
before, collect data to see the effect of masks.
Probability
(without
masks)
Time to infect 10 people, 5 trials (h)
Mean
time
(h)
Trial 1
Trial 2
Trial 3
Trial 4
Trial 5
50%
8.
Compare: Compare the mean time to infect ten people with masks to the mean time to infect ten people
without masks. (Use the 50% line from the table in question 5.) How do these times compare?
9.
Infer: Why do masks have no effect on the rate at which a foodborne disease spreads?
10. Compare: How is the spread of a foodborne disease similar to the spread of a person-to-person disease?
How are they different?
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