Why Do We Fear The Robopocalypse? Human Insecurity in The Age of Technophobia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21301/eap.v19i1.5Keywords:
robots, intelligent machines, fear, science fiction films, the concept of recognition, RobopocalypseAbstract
The paper aims to determine where exactly fear of intelligent machines is located in the narrative layers embedded in science fiction film stories based on the intelligence explosion hypothesis. The analysis departs from the assumption that the Robopocaliptic narrative, a science fiction narrative depicting the dystopian future of human–robot relationship, is constitutive of the irrational technophobic stance widespread in the public opinion of today’s postindustrial societies. As narration plays an essential part in our daily reflective and social practices, we are naturally inclined to look for narrative structure in popular culture, particularly in film, the most popular form of visual art, and the easiest one to consume. Nine science fiction films have been selected as relevant empirical evidence: The Invisible Boy (1957), 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968), Westworld(1973), Futureworld (1976), Demon Seed (1977), Blade Runner (1982), The Terminator (1984), The Matrix (1999), Ex Machina (2015). The Robopocaliptic narrative interwoven with the themes of the analysed films uncovers four recurrent ideas or messages that create robotophobia: redundancy of the human race, moral indifference of robots, robots as emotional abusers, and the loss of control over one’s own mind and body. The author proposes that these four ideas or messages mirror four layers of fear, all pointing to a meta-fear: the fear of rejection to be recognised and treated as a morally worth human being. In conclusion, the author suggests that Axel Honneth’s concept of recognition opens a plausible avenue to clarify the roots of the fear of the Robopocalypse.
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Filmography
: A Space Odyssey. 1968. Directed by Stanley Kubrick. Santa Monica (CA): Metro-Goldwyn Mayer.
Autómata. 2014. Directed by Gabe Ibáñez. N.p: Nu Boyana & Green Moon.
Blade Runner. 1982. Directed by Ridley Scott. Hollywood (CA): The Ladd Company, Sir Run Run Shaw.
Demon Seed. 1977. Directed by Donald Cammell. Santa Monica (CA): Metro-Goldwyn Mayer & Herb Jaffe Productions.
Ex Machina. 2014. Directed by Alex Garland. London: Film4, DNA Films.
Futureworld. 1976. Directed by Richard T. Heffron. Los Angeles: American International Pictures.
The Invisible Boy. 1957. Directed by Herman Hoffman. Santa Monica (CA): Metro-Goldwyn Mayer & Pan Productions.
The Matrix. 1999. Directed by Lana Wachowski and Lily Wachowski. Burbank (CA): Warner Bros. Pictures, Village Roadshow Pictures & Silver Pictures.
The Terminator. 1984. Directed by James Cameron. London: Hemdale Productions (Hemdale Film Corporation).
Westworld. 1973. Directed by Michael Crichton. Santa Monica (CA): Metro-Goldwyn Mayer.
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