Unit 4 Chemistry Test Cheat Sheet
by sunyzz via cheatography.com/50431/cs/13918/
Polar vs Non-Polar
Polar
Non-Polar
made with two or more
non-metals
no electrical poles
one end has a positive
charge, the other has a
negative.
electrons divided
more equally
has electrical poles
charges cancel
out
soluble in water
not soluble in
water, but maybe
like oil
Ionic vs Covalent
Ionic
Covalent
electrons not shared
equally
electrons shared
equally
high melting point
low melting point
between one metal and
one non-metal
between two
non-metals
Intermolecular Force
London
Dispersion
weakest intermolecular
force.temporary attractive force
that results when the electrons in
two adjacent atoms occupy
positions that make the atoms
form temporary dipoles.
Dipole-
Dipole
occurs between two polar
molecules. slightly stronger than
london dispersion. slightly
positive attracts to slightly
negative end. a good example is
hydrochloride (HCl)
Ion-Dipole
attraction between an ion and a
neutral molecule that has a
dipole. most commonly found in
solutions.ion with non-polar
molecule.weaker than covalent or
ionic bonds. polar water and
sodium ion.
Non-Polar? Or Polar?
Looking at Lewis Structure
if bonds are symetrical, it is non-polar. if it is
asymmetrical it is polar.
Solubility Rules
Always
Soluble
Exceptions
Insoluble
Nitrates
"PMS"
silver salts
Acetates
(C2,H3,O2-)
P>Pb2
(lead)
hydroxide salts
(slightly)
Group 1
(Li+, Na+,
etc)
M>Mercur
y (Hg2)
hydroxide salts of
transition metals
Sulfates
S>Silver
(Ag)
sulfides of
transition metals
Ammonium
(NH4+)
carbonates
Group 17
(F-,Cl-,Br-)
chromates
phosphates and
fluorides
By sunyzz
cheatography.com/sunyzz/
Published 12th December, 2017.
Last updated 12th December, 2017.
Page 1 of 1.
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