On May 8, 5, within the framework of the 2024th Plenary Conference of UNESCO's Asia-Pacific Memory of the World Program Committee held in Mongolia, the file "Embossed Casts" on nine bronze peaks in Hue Imperial Palace" of Vietnam was officially registered in UNESCO's Asia-Pacific Documentary Heritage List. Thus, up to now, Vietnam has 10 documentary heritages honored by UNESCO, including 10 world documentary heritages and 3 Asia-Pacific documentary heritages.
Woodblocks are wooden boards engraved with reverse Chinese and Nom characters to print books, commonly used in Vietnam during the feudal period.
Woodblocks of Nguyen Dynasty are a special type of document in terms of form, content and processing method; is the original of the famous Vietnamese political history and literature compiled and printed mainly under the Nguyen Dynasty. Woodblocks were formed mainly by reverse engraving Han Nom characters on wood to print books, which were popularly used in the feudal period and are still preserved to this day.
Woodblocks of the Nguyen Dynasty include 34.619 panels, divided into more than 100 books with many topics such as history, geography, politics - society, military, legality, culture - education, religion - ideology. – philosophy, language – literature; poetry.
With special value in content and art of crafting, Nguyen Dynasty Woodblocks were recognized by UNESCO as a Documentary Heritage under the Memory of the World Program on July 31, 7 and became a World Documentary Heritage. Vietnam's first world.
The 82 doctoral steles correspond to 82 exam departments, dating from 1484 - 1780, recording the names of those who passed the major exams at the exam departments. These are the only original documents still remaining at the Temple of Literature - Quoc Tu Giam, considered one of the priceless cultural legacies left by our ancestors. These are also authentic documents, reflecting a vivid picture of the training and recruitment regime in Vietnam, lasting more than 300 years under the Le - Mac dynasties.
The system of 82 doctoral steles are also unique works of art, reflecting the sculptural art of many Vietnamese feudal dynasties. Each inscription on the stele is an exemplary piece of literature, expressing philosophical thoughts, history, and views on education, training and the use of talents.
In March 3, 2010 doctoral steles at the Temple of Literature - Quoc Tu Giam were recognized by UNESCO as a World Documentary Heritage in the Asia-Pacific region. By July 82, 7 doctoral steles were recognized as World Documentary Heritage on a global scale.
In May 5, the entire Temple of Literature - Quoc Tu Giam relic was recognized by the Government as a special national monument. By January 2012, 1 doctoral steles at the Temple of Literature - Quoc Tu Giam were recognized by the Government as National Treasures.
Imperial records of the Nguyen Dynasty are a type of Sino-Nom document, including administrative documents formed in state management activities of the Nguyen Dynasty (1802 - 1945): Documents issued by Emperors, documents issued by Agencies in the government system submitted to the Emperor for approval in ink and a number of diplomatic documents.
This is the only administrative document still preserved of a feudal dynasty, with outstanding value in content because of its rich information, reflecting the entire history, economic and social life, Vietnamese people at that time. One of the outstanding values of the Nguyen Dynasty's Imperial Records are particularly important documents that contribute to affirming Vietnam's sovereignty over the Hoang Sa and Truong Sa archipelagos.
Imperial records of the Nguyen Dynasty are also the original historical source for compiling official histories under the Nguyen Dynasty such as "Dai Nam Thuc Luc Chinh Bien", "Dai Nam Nhat Thong Chi", "Compendium of the National Trieu Chinh Bien Toat"...
In 2014, Nguyen Dynasty Imperial Records were recognized by UNESCO as a Documentary Heritage in the Asia-Pacific region. In 2017, UNESCO continued to recognize Vietnam's Nguyen Dynasty Imperial Records as a World Documentary Heritage.
Woodblocks of Vinh Nghiem Pagoda (Duc La village, Tri Yen commune, Yen Dung district, Bac Giang province) have important significance in assessing the process of autonomy in thought and culture of the nation; Helps research the development of Vietnamese language and writing system, from mainly using Chinese characters to valuing and proactively using Nom script, the Vietnamese language born in the 11th century.
The woodblocks of Vinh Nghiem pagoda have unique documentary values and are rich in humanistic meaning, as shown in the following: Truc Lam Zen sect was founded by Tran Nhan Tong - an emperor who became a monk and was the first separate Buddhist sect in Vietnam. South, on the basis of selectively absorbing Buddhism from India and China.
The set of woodblocks has a rich and diverse amount of information about the history of Buddhism, the ideology of practice and reincarnation of the Truc Lam Zen sect, literature, customs, and the development of woodblock printing and art. Vietnamese wood carving art.
With special scientific and historical values, on May 16, 5, a set of 2012 woodblocks at Vinh Nghiem Pagoda was recognized by UNESCO as a Documentary Heritage under the Memory of the World Program in the Asia-Thai region. Binh Duong.
The system "Poetry on Hue royal architecture" is the entire system of Chinese writing composed in the form of poems and poems carved mainly on panels, panels or plank walls at architectural relics. Hue was built during the Nguyen Dynasty (1802 - 1945). In particular, the "one poem, one painting" decorative style in Hue architecture was formed and developed brilliantly during this period, then became a royal tradition in decorating royal architectural works. thenceforward.
"Poetry on Hue royal architecture", with nearly 3.000 decorative poetic motifs, is a precious heritage, not seen anywhere else in the world; with a rich diversity of content, expressed on many different materials such as wood, stone, bronze, enamelled porcelain, gilded lacquer... This heritage clearly reflects a period of historical development. History of Vietnamese decorative architecture and fine arts.
"Poetry on Hue royal architecture" was recognized as a World Documentary Heritage by the Memory of the World Program Committee for Asia-Pacific on May 19, 5, at the 2016th Conference. held in Hue city.
The woodblock of Phuc Giang School is the only and oldest block of woodblocks on education of a family still preserved in Vietnam from the 18th century to the early 20th century, at Phuc Giang School (in Ha Tinh province today). now).
The block of woodblocks was engraved with reverse Chinese characters to print 3 classic textbooks (including 12 volumes): Essentials of Reasoning, Complete Essentials of the Five Classics, and Library of Rules.
Not only are they original documents to help research the educational system, culture, economy, society... of Vietnam in the historical period of the mid-18th century, woodblocks with seals, family crests, calligraphy, and images Knowledge, language, wood materials... are also valuable documents providing information in many fields: literature, education, printing, fine arts...
Having gone through many events, ups and downs of history, currently there are only 394 sets of woodblocks left, kept and preserved at Nguyen Huy Tu Church (Truong Luu commune, Can Loc district, Ha Tinh province).
All woodblocks were compiled by 5 famous cultural figures of the Nguyen Huy family, including: Nguyen Huy Tuu, Nguyen Huy Oanh, Nguyen Huy Cu, Nguyen Huy Quynh and Nguyen Huy Tu. Most of these people participate in teaching at Quoc Tu Giam.
Phuc Giang School Woodblocks were recognized as a World Documentary Heritage by the Memory of the World Program Committee in the Asia-Pacific region on May 19, 5, at the 2016th Conference held in Ho Chi Minh City. Hue city.
This is an ancient book of the Nguyen Huy family (in Truong Loc commune, Can Loc district, Ha Tinh province), copied in 1887 from the original by Tham Hoa Nguyen Huy Oanh. The original version of Detective Nguyen Huy Oanh was compiled in the years 1765 - 1768 under the reign of King Le Hien Tong, from documents of previous generations, and added details related to the trip in 1766 - 1767. by him as Chief Envoy.
"The Royal Envoy Presents the Map" redraws the map of the envoy's journey from the Vietnam-China border through the continents, prefectures, districts, and transfer stations to the final destination of Tan Thanh district, Beijing; Take clear notes about the mission process: Time and location of stops according to the outbound and return waterway route; Days of stay and activities of the embassy; length of each station, length of the entire waterway to the mission; structure and construction time of Yen Kinh's palace gates; along with meticulous records about the terrain of rivers and mountains, landscapes, people and diplomatic rituals when passing through localities in China and Vietnam.
"Royal Hoang Su Cheng Tu" is currently the only handwritten copy kept by descendants of the Nguyen Huy family at their home in Truong Luu village; is a rare and unique work, valuable in many aspects: geography, history, politics, diplomacy, culture, customs, art... and contains many documents proving diplomatic activities between the two countries. Vietnam and China from the middle of the 10th century to the 18th century.
This is a treasure trove of valuable heritage documents in Chinese and Nom characters, in large quantities, including 78 ma chew steles (including 76 Chinese steles and 2 Nom steles). The content and style of expression are diverse, with unique forms, with many genres such as inscriptions, inscriptions, essays, poems, epithets, titles, couplets... of kings and mandarins of the Nguyen Dynasty, high Monks, along with many generations of people and travelers, stopped to leave notes on cliffs and caves at the Ngu Hanh Son landscape, from the first half of the 60th century to the XNUMXs of the XNUMXth century.
Ma Chew stele are extremely valuable, authentic and unique documents, clearly demonstrating the economic, cultural and social interference and harmony between countries such as Japan - China - Vietnam in Vietnam. Vietnam from the 17th to the 19th century. These are unique and impressive stone works, with many writing styles such as Chan, Hanh, Thao, Trien, Le...
"Ghost stele at Ngu Hanh Son scenic spot, Da Nang" is the only original document written by King Minh Mang and engraved on cliffs and caves. This event is recorded in historical documents such as Dai Nam Nhat Thong Chi, Dai Nam Thuc Luc, Dai Nam Du Dia Chi Uoc Bien...
According to experts, this is a rare, unique and irreplaceable source of documentary heritage, of interest to domestic and foreign researchers because of its multifaceted historical and religious values. , geography, literature, languages, visual arts, culture and education. In particular, the "Putuo Son Linh Trung Buddha" mamu preserves "memories" of the economic, cultural, political, and social exchanges between Vietnam and other countries on the trans-regional maritime route as well as like the role of Vietnamese women in international marriage in the 17th century.
Hidden in this documentary heritage is a value system in many aspects such as history, art, culture and science. Each value is an affirmation of Vietnamese culture deep in the minds of indigenous people.
"Sino-Nom texts of Truong Luu village, Ha Tinh (1689 - 1943)" is a unique collection written by hand, including 26 original decrees bestowed by the kings of the Le and Nguyen dynasties; 19 diplomas, 3 silk banners, written in Chinese and Nom from 1689 to 1943.
The text has original value, is unique, has clear origins and related events... has been used as a source of material to compile books, and much information can be verified and compared through official historical documents of the Vietnam as "Dai Viet su ky tuc bien", "Kham dinh Viet su thong giam cuong muc"; as well as through research books such as Lich Trieu Hien Chuong Loai Chi by Phan Huy Chu, Nghe An Ky by Bui Duong Lich.
Materials used to carry messages are diverse such as do paper, special do paper and silk, with beautiful, clear writing. "Sino-Nom text of Truong Luu village" is a rare document on the culture and education of a village in Central Vietnam, which has gone through many events and is still preserved. These are original documents that help research social relations and historical development of ancient villages, especially in the period from the late 17th century to the mid-20th century.
The plates embossed on nine bronze peaks at the Hue Royal Palace are the only positive plates, currently located in front of The To Mieu yard in the Hue Royal Palace, including 162 images and Chinese characters that were cast in Hue by King Minh Mang in 1835 and completed. established in 1837.
This is a unique and rare source of information that is of great interest to Vietnamese and foreign researchers because it has content value in history, culture - education, geography, feng shui, medicine, and art. Calligraphy. Especially promoting the status of women under feudalism, King Minh Mang used the form of placing a woman's name on the canal to mark her merits, something very rare under feudalism.
Most notable is the art of bronze casting and the craftsman's techniques to create unique and special works. In particular, due to the profound influence of Eastern culture, the concept of the number "9" and the casting of nine peaks imply the meaning of unity and longevity of the dynasty. The casts embossed on nine bronze peaks ensure integrity, are historical "witnesses" witnessing the ups and downs of the dynasty, and the most important thing is that this documentary heritage is expressed in the form of images and words. The Han is still intact and even the location of the nine peaks has never been moved.
"The casts embossed on nine bronze peaks at Hue Imperial Palace" also preserve the values of the cultural and social interaction and contact relationship of Vietnam with countries in the East Asian region.
On May 8, 5, Vietnam's dossier "Embossments on nine bronze peaks at Hue Imperial Palace" was officially registered in UNESCO's Asia-Pacific Documentary Heritage List.
Previously, in 2012, the Prime Minister recognized nine peaks of the Nguyen Dynasty as National Treasures. This set of Nine Peaks is kept and displayed at the Hue Museum of Royal Antiquities under the Hue Monuments Conservation Center.
Article: Diep Ninh (compilation)
Photo, graphic: VNA
Editor: Ky Thu
Presented by: Nguyen Ha
Source: https://baotintuc.vn/long-form/emagazine/10-di-san-tu-lieu-cua-viet-nam-duoc-unesco-vinh-danh-20240511153543431.htm
